Plagiarism Policy

The publisher acknowledges that plagiarism is unacceptable and therefore establishes the following policy outlining specific actions (sanctions) to be taken when plagiarism is identified in a manuscript submitted for publication in this journal.

Definition

Plagiarism is the act, whether intentional or unintentional, of obtaining or attempting to obtain academic credit for a scientific work by quoting part or all of another person’s work and/or scientific publication and presenting it as one’s own, without proper and adequate acknowledgment of the original source.

Therefore:

All submitted articles must be original, have not been previously published, and must not be under consideration for publication elsewhere. Any material taken verbatim from other sources must be clearly identified and distinguished from the original text.
If plagiarism is identified, the Editor-in-Chief is responsible for reviewing the manuscript and determining appropriate actions based on the level of plagiarism detected, according to the following guidelines.
All manuscripts submitted to this journal will be screened for plagiarism using Turnitin plagiarism detection software (https://www.turnitin.com).

Levels of Plagiarism and Actions

Minor plagiarism
Copying short sentences or phrases from another article without proper citation.
Action: The author will receive a warning and be required to revise the manuscript and provide correct citations.
Major plagiarism
Copying substantial parts of another article without proper citation or acknowledgment.
Action: The submitted manuscript will be rejected, and the author may be sanctioned by being prohibited from publishing in this journal for a specified period.
Author responsibility
All authors listed in a manuscript are jointly responsible for the content of the submitted article. If plagiarism is identified, all authors will be subject to the same sanctions.
Duplicate submission
If an author is proven to have submitted a manuscript to this journal while simultaneously submitting it to another journal, and such overlap is discovered during the review process or after publication, actions will be taken in accordance with Point 2 above.
Other violations
If plagiarism is identified outside the categories listed above, the editorial board reserves the right to impose sanctions in accordance with the journal’s editorial policies.

Plagiarism Standards

This journal adopts international ethical standards of scientific publication and applies a maximum plagiarism tolerance of 20% similarity for the entire manuscript.

Similarity Index Criteria

Similarity Index ≤ 20%
✔ Acceptable, provided there is no plagiarism in critical sections such as the abstract, methodology, results, or conclusion.
✔ Authors are generally required to make only minor revisions.
Similarity Index between 20–30%
⚠ Classified as moderate plagiarism.
⚠ The manuscript will be returned for revision and authors must reduce the similarity level.
⚠ Failure to adequately revise may result in rejection.
Similarity Index > 30%
❌ Classified as severe plagiarism.
❌ The manuscript will be rejected outright and may be subject to academic sanctions imposed by the journal.

Recommendations

Authors are strongly advised to maintain a similarity index below 20%.
Avoid copying long quotations even when cited.
Proper paraphrasing and selective citation should be applied, especially for theories and definitions.
Authors are encouraged to use plagiarism detection tools (such as Turnitin) prior to manuscript submission.